Cylinder lining



Dcr. 21 19241 1,512,570

- P. J. ANDREWS CYLINDER LINING Filed July 27, |922 l2 zu? '2l [Tn l/ /ll l I. 'lll /3 1f /S/ i ao/ /M j//Ifgeg Ffm? J/mrew wumoz Y Patented Oct. 21, 1924.

UNITED STATES PERCY J. ANDREWS, OFWARWICK, RHODE ISLAND.

CYLINDER LINING.

Application filed July 27, 19d22f Serial No.l 577,954.

To all whom it may concern.:

- Be it known that I, PERGY J. ANDREWS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Warwick, in the county of Kent and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cylinder Lin- ;ngs, of which the following is a specificalon.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction of linin for the bores of engine cylinders, and has for its object to provide a lining of this character which may be formed tol slide with an easy fit into the bore of the cylinder and be bound therein in such a way as to permit a uniform expansion of the lining throughout its length.

A further object of the invention is to so construct this lining and its locking member that the same may be withdrawn from the head of the cylinder and a fresh one positioned without being obliged to remove the pistons from the cylinder and so obviate the necessity of removing the crank case and crank shaft from the engine casing.

A still further object of the invention is to provide means for locking the sleeve or lining against rotation after having once been set into the cylinder. y

The invention further consists in beveling the entering end of the sleeve or lining from its inner wall outwardly so as to engage, contract and reposition the piston rings when the pistons are in the cylinder.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists of certain novel features of construction, as will be more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a sectlonal side elevation showing a cylinder with my improved bushing mounte therein.

Figure 2 is an end view of the cylinder with the cylinder-head removed.

Figure 3 is a side elevation of the lining, locking nut.

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the lining.

It is found in practice of advantage to so osition a lining in an engine cylinder that 1t may be readily removed and replaced by a fresh one after having been worn, and to be able to do this from the outer end of the cylinder, without. being obliged to remove the crank and casing from their set positions. It is also found of advantage to so construct the cylinder-lining-sleeve that it may expand uniformly throughout its length under high working temperature, and the following is a detailed description of the means by which these advantageous results may be accom lished Wit reference to the drawings, 10 designates the usual cylinder which may be of any suitable construction, the same being provided, preferably, with a shoulder 11 at the inner end of its bore.

This shoulder is its outer edge inwar ly for the purpose preS- ently described, and the outer end of this cylinder is preferably threaded as at 12 to receive a threaded nut 13, which nut is provided at its outer edge with small holes 14 to receive and, be operated by the usual Spanner wrench.

The cylinder lining comprisesessentially a sleeve 15, the external and internal diameters of which are preferably uniform throughout its length.

The ends 16 and 17 of this tubular lining are preferably beveled from their inner sur- (faces outwardly, the lower edge being adapted to fit into the complemental groove in the shoulder 11, while the upper edge 16 is engaged by the inner end of the tubular nut 13, which is also correspondingly beveled, whereby when this nut is screwed into posltion against the upper end of the lining 1t forces the same down against the shoulder 11 and has a tendency to spread or expand the ends of the lining against the wallsof. the cylinder whereby by this construction the working head' to which the lining is subjected causes the same to expand unif Jrmly throughout its length.

It is found in practice necessary to provide meansl for positively preventing the sleeve from rotating in the cylinder, as the action of the piston, while working continually in the same path in the cylinder, serves to wear the rings to nicely fit therein, and if the lining were permitted to rotate after having been worn to fit the pistonsy and their rings, the rings would always leak and the cylinder lose compression.

To obviate this difculty, and positively prevent the lining from rotating after hav ing been set in the cylinder, I drilla hole 19 down into the edge of the cylinderbetween `its inner wall and the outer wall of the nut and lining and insert a key or pin preferably beveled from Y may then be withdrawn and a fresh one positioned to take its place and all without removing the pistons, the crank shaft or crank,

casing from the engine head.

The device iseXtremely simple and .practical in construction and effective in its op-` eration and by its use the bore of a cylinder may be readily renewed at the minimum expense and that without re-boring and oversizing the pistons, which is found in practice to be injurious to the engine as such oversizing gives to the engine a greater power than the parts driven by it were designed originally to stand. Therefore it is better to renew the lining of the cylinder with the o riginal diameter than to re-bore for a larger size.

1 The foregoing description is directed sole- Y I desire it to be understood that I reserve the privilege of resorting to all the mechanical changes to which'thedevice is susceptible, the invention being defined and limited only by the terms of the appended claims.

I claim:

- 1. The combination with an engine cyling means at its lower end, of al lining for the bore of said cylinderl removable from its upper end and resting upon said means, a tubular nut threaded into the upper end of said cylinder for binding said lining therein 'against said means, and means for locking oth the nut and the lining against rotation in said cylinder, s

nut and the lining which is loosely mounted in the cylinder' towards theconstruction illustrated, butl inder having aborewith inwardly project-.

2. The combination with an engine cylin' `der having a bore with a shoulder near its -cylinder bore for binding said lining against said shoulder.

3. The combination .with an engine cylinder having a bore with a shoulder near its lower end, of a removable lining for the bore pf said cylinder, comprising a tubular member of a length less than that of the cylinderbore, the walls at the opposite ends of said lining beingv beveled outwardly from their inner surfaces, and a tubular nut threaded. into the upper end of said cylinder bore for exerting an expandingand binding pressure on said lining against said shoulder. i

4. The combination with an engine cylinder, of a removable lining for the bore of said cylinder, beveled outwardly from its inner surface at its ends, the bore of the cylinder having an inwardly-beveled shoulder adjacent its lower end, and a tubular nut threaded into the upper end of the cylinder vbeveled on its end to fit that in the end of the lining for binding the said shoulder.

, 5. The combination with an engine cylinder, of a removable lining for the bore of said cylinder beveled outwardly from its inner surface at its ends, the bore of the cylinder having a shoulder with an inwardlybeveled annular recess adjacent its lower end, and a tubular nut threaded into the upper end of the cylinder having a beveled edge to engage that of the lining to bind the same against said shoulder, and means in the cylinder for locking both the nut and sleeve against rotation after being bound in position.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

PER-CY J. ANDREIVE,

lining against 

